Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It can be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types and treatment of prostatitis
Infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished by their development.
The infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogenic agents that cause inflammation of the prostate gland.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be caused both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, which are always present in the male body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of decreased immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body is able to suppress infection, but against the background of reduced immunity, inflammation develops.
Non-infectious prostatitis is the result of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development occurs as a result of blockage in the pelvic organs - disruption of blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostate secretion.Factors that lead to the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- decreased immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sex life.
Congestive prostatitis is believed to be a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, as a result of which the metabolism decreases and the trophism of the prostate is disturbed.
A man's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in the tone of the prostate gland and stagnation of secretions.This causes the body to swell and develop inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to exhaustion of the organ and can lead to the development of the disease.
According to the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, which is caused by the compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with timely administration of adequate drug therapy.Without proper treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by weakening of the male sexual function and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become more severe.The exacerbation of the disease is primarily associated with a decrease in immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to determine the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.For this, an analysis of prostate secretion is performed, ultrasound and MRI of the body are performed.
Complex treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug treatment;
- increasing immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- diet therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.The main line of treatment for infectious inflammation is antibacterial drugs.Their selection is based on the results of prostate gland analysis.
Anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment of non-infectious prostatitis in the acute stage.The main part of the therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the functionality of the body.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily involves taking drugs to improve immunity.These can be either local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of medicine is made only by the doctor.
The mainstay of treatment for bacterial prostatitis is infection control;for stagnant prostatitis, to improve the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Complex treatment of prostatitis begins with drugs to relieve symptoms, normalize prostate function and improve well-being.Antibiotics are the mainstay of therapy for infectious prostatitis.
The following drug groups are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are rarely used in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and a large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that provoke the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the effects of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
Nevertheless, a fairly good result is obtained by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages are related to a wide range of activity, good tolerance by organisms and high bioavailability, so the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors increasingly prefer drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.These are broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs that have a number of advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs without natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Often, doctors prescribe drugs containing levofloxacin.Therapy lasts at least 28 days, the drug is taken in 1-2 tablets.The exact dosage and dosage regimen are selected individually by the doctor.In some cases, intramuscular injection of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is reduced.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Anti-inflammatory drugs are used for complex treatment of non-infectious chronic prostatitis.
Such drugs have a symptomatic effect, relieve pain and stop the inflammatory process.It is appropriate to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance enters the tissue of the prostate gland directly.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but they are the main line of treatment for non-infectious prostatitis, since antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
For the treatment of congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functionality of the prostate.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate gland of young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, removes inflammation and reduces swelling.It has been used for a long time to treat inflammation for non-infectious prostatitis.For bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this drug is indicated to restore the function of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
Suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed for congestive prostatitis.Such drugs are aimed at normalizing prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines that strengthen immunity
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate gland is affected by various drugs.After the course of treatment, a number of measures are taken to increase immunity to prevent the recurrence of the disease.
For this purpose, the following are set:
- preparations containing zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E
Zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary for the normal functioning of the prostate gland.Urologists often prescribe bioactive dietary supplements high in these substances.
It is also recommended to take a course of vitamins specifically designed for men.Such drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the work of the genitourinary system.
Echinacea extract injections are prescribed to reduce the risk of exacerbation and recovery after antibacterial therapy, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
For chronic prostatitis, a complex of vitamins should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of exacerbation.
Physiotherapy and massage
For chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to relieve congestion.Acupuncture, current and magnetic methods, darsonvalization are usually used.Such methods are not used for bacterial inflammation, because they can cause pathogenic agents to spread throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If the trophism of the prostate gland is disturbed, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are performed by a qualified specialist - urologist or proctologist.The massage course varies from 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymph stagnation and normalizes the outflow of prostate secretion.The course of procedures allows to restore the normal functioning of the body and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is performed only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization and manipulation of the patient, during which the abscess is opened and its contents removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which causes acute urinary retention.At this time, surgery is performed and a catheter is inserted to remove urine.In addition, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis can develop, as a result of which scars appear on the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed in which compression areas are removed using a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Complex treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing nutrition and giving up bad habits.The diet for inflammation of the prostate is not strict, but excludes any fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and smoking should be avoided.
You should include foods useful for men's health in your diet:
- avocado;
- pumpkin seed oil and olive;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower body.
The sex life of the patient plays an important role.If you have prostatitis, you need to have regular sex at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is also unacceptable, as it exhausts the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate drug treatment, proper nutrition and rejection of bad habits will help to get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist every year and undergo a comprehensive examination of the prostate gland.